| CHEMICAL PEELS: AHAs, TCA AND PHENOL |
| CHEMICAL PEELS: AHAs, TCA AND PHENOL By: Cherish Hamutoff Published: 7 April 2010 Chemical peel is a cosmetic procedure that removes the damaged outer layer of skin with a chemical solution. It is used to correct or improve discoloration, wrinkles, facial blemishes and scars, and control acne. Peels are not meant to replace a facelift, but may be used in conjunction. There are several formulas that address specific needs and concerns and the physician or esthetician performing the peel will discuss the various options available. Choices include alphahydroxy acids (AHAs), trichloroacetic acid (TCA) and phenol. Alphahydroxy Acids (AHAs) Alphahydroxy acids include lactic, glycolic and fruit acids and create the mildest peel. These require the least amount of down time (if any), but can still offer clearer, smoother skin. AHAs treat rough or dry skin, sun damage, acne, fine wrinkling, pigmentation spots, and can also be used as a pre-treatment for a stronger acid peel. Results can be seen after one treatment, but often a series of treatments are recommended. Side effects are mild and short lived, but may include redness, irritation, stinging and flaking. Trichloroacetic Acid (TCA) Trichloroacetic acid is stronger than AHAs, but not as strong as a phenol peel. TCAs will help correct uneven pigment, medium blemishes and surface wrinkles, and can be used in varying strengths, but most often used as a medium-depth peel. Advantages of TCA are that it can be used on other body areas such as the neck and chest and treatment time is 10 to 15 minutes. Disadvantages include: swelling, throbbing and development of a skin crust; repeat treatment for maintenance is often required; and sun exposure should be avoided for several months. Trichloroacetic Acid is also recommenced for patients with darker skin. Phenol The strongest chemical peel is phenol. This peel is used to smooth deep wrinkles, sun damaged skin, blotchy discoloration, freckles and even pre-cancerous growths. Treatment may take over an hour, there may be significant swelling of the face and eyes, and it may take several months for full healing, but results can be long lasting and dramatic. Sun protection is required always, as lightening and pigment loss may occur. Phenol should not be used for patients with dark skin or with heart problems. |